In 1796, the municipal affairs of Montreal were administered by a council of magistrates, who were not accountable to citizens. In 1832, the city was granted its first charter, which had a four-year life span, enabling property owners to elect a city council. This charter expired in 1836, when political unrest in Lower Canada prevented the city from being granted another one. However, Montreal was granted another charter in 1840, and people were granted the right to elect a mayor. During the early years of city council, Montreal’s council resembled a private club of Montreal’s businessmen.
The city underwent a series of demographic changes. From the mid-19th century, its population was nearly double that of Quebec City. During this period, industry began to play a greater role, while the services sector expanded with the emergence of banks, universities, and engineering firms. After the Second World War, however, Montreal’s growth slowed as Toronto emerged as the undisputed Canadian metropolis. The economic and political climate caused a number of multinational corporations to relocate their headquarters to Toronto.
Among the largest cities in North America, Montreal is distinguished by its strong francophone population. The French-speaking population of the city is especially well represented with two local television stations and a plethora of radio stations. As a result, Montreal is a major cultural centre for French speakers in Canada and the rest of the world. Its anglophone minority has its own cultural institutions. However, the francophone population of the city remains remarkably affordable, making the city an ideal location for anyone who loves to indulge in high-quality shopping.
The city has an eclectic culture that includes diverse cuisines. Several ethnic communities thrive in Montreal, with an Indian community around the Parc metro station and a Portuguese community near the Little Portugal neighborhood. An Iranian cafe-resto, named Byblos, is also located in the area. Near the Anglophone universities, Chinese restaurants are available and so is an array of Japanese cuisine. And, there are dozens of museums, theaters, and galleries.
Despite the diversity of Montreal’s cuisine, there is something for every palate. From ethnic food to local specialties, Montreal has a thriving culinary scene. According to one study, the city is home to the second-best restaurant scene in North America, only behind New York. Its Jewish population has influenced the cuisine of Montreal, leading to many regional specialties. The city’s Italian heritage has also left its mark on its specialties. Split pea soup and poutine are Quebecois favorites.
Once in Montreal, the city has a vast array of transit options. A metro rail system serves the Montreal area. Its train service is fast and frequent, allowing travelers to reach destinations across northern Quebec, New Brunswick, and Nova Scotia. It also offers express deals on Tuesdays, and heavily discounted tickets during off-peak hours. There are two Metro stations with staffed ticket booths, though most are closed on weekends. The Orange line connects these stations with the rest of the city.
